Alimentação e cultura: um estudo das transformações no habitus alimentar na comunidade Nova União no município de Barreirinha – AM

Abstract

The Amazon is characterized by an exuberant natural wealth, which makes it a stage of great ambition for profit and economic purposes and at the same time the struggle for its conservation or sustainable development. What also draws attention to the Amazon region are the native populations and their dietary ways. With a focus on feeding these traditional communities, the Amazon has few studies on dietary habits. The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of the Sateré - Mawé indigenous identity through its gastronomy, focusing its correlations with the identification of the main traditional items of the Sateré gastronomy, and its importance in cultural identity; to present the main modifications in the Sateré - Mawé food habitats; and reflect on the importance of traditional Sateré eating habits for reaffirmation of identity and appreciation of traditional knowledge. The referent study was carried out in the perspective of qualitative research. The data collected were through participatory observation and semi-structured interviews with the heads of 09 families from the community Nova União do rio Andirá in the municipality of Barreirinha. Having the contribution of the dialectical method, for it provides a dynamic and totalizing basis for interpretation of reality. The data analysis was based on the codification and categorization of the information, and the descriptive, theoretical and interpretive analysis of the content was carried out. The results demonstrate the transformations that the Sateré-Mawé suffered in their food habitus, ranging from the use of techniques such as the use of timbó for fishing and the way of making crops, the economic and political aspect, with government action with regard to land demarcation limiting their living conditions and activities such as hunting and fishing, and welfare through social benefits such as retirement and family allowance, favoring other food consumption conditions such as those of industrialized foods. Also stressing the role of religion, emphasizing here the predominant in the area of ​​study, the Adventist religion that impose certain taboos for the consumption of some food. As well as the education that is imposed on the Mawé, as it does not support or value their own culture. In conclusion, it was evidenced that Sateré-Mawé feeding is for the most part industrialized foods, making the foods that were traditionally consumed, as a second option, this process is the result of several transformations that the Sateré-Mawé suffered, among them political, economic, religious and cultural.