Desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitoramento remoto para otimização da coleta seletiva em Manaus

Abstract

As urban areas continue to witness an increase in waste production, the efficiency of the waste collection process lags behind. This is attributed to the lack of public policies in waste management, which is evident in the planning of collection routes. Generally, routes are executed without considering whether the bins are full at that moment, resulting in fuel wastage and urban mobility challenges for waste collection vehicles. Furthermore, due to the delay in collection, waste bins overflow, leading to environmental degradation through the emission of pollutants and negative societal impacts such as disease transmission, insect proliferation, and increased public cleaning expenses. The present study aims to develop a prototype of a remote monitoring system specifically tailored for the selective collection of recyclable waste in the city of Manaus, located in the Amazonas state. This endeavor was achieved through the utilization of LoRa communication technology, the MQTT communication protocol, and an ultrasonic sensor for monitoring the fill level of these waste bins and their location. Based on the collected data, this information was transmitted to an IoT platform known as TagoIO with the purpose of presenting it in Dashboards. To represent recyclable waste materials in the project, materials such as paper, plastic, metal, and glass were used, which consisted of pieces of paper, plastic bottles, metal cans, and glass cups, respectively. At the end, 4 tables are presented, each containing the information obtained from 5 test cases conducted for each type of recyclable material. Additionally, 4 Dashboards are displayed, with each one showing the data related to a test case for a specific recyclable waste type, as presented in the tables, for an overall analysis of this data.