Os fenícios da América: o território e a organização socioespacial dos Omágua da Amazônia dos séculos XVI e XVII e nos dias atuais

Abstract

This research addressed the territoriality and socio-spatial organization of the Omágua people in the Amazon, exploring the 16th and 17th centuries, in addition to examining contemporary reality. The general objective was to understand the process of production of the Amazonian space by the Omáguas. To achieve this purpose, the specific objectives included the identification of the socio-spatial development techniques used by the Omágua people, the critical analysis of the conquest of their territories by the colonizers and the comparison of the Omágua territories in the 16th and 17th centuries with the present day. The methodology adopted was of a dialectical nature, characterized as basic research with a qualitative approach. The methodological procedures included fieldwork, interviews and preparation of maps. This research is justified by the investigation of the territory and territoriality of the original peoples. The research's guiding question aims to understand how the "Phoenicians of America" developed their territory. The time frame was the 16th and 17th centuries and the present day and the spatial frame was limited to Aldeia Tururucari-Uka located in the rural area of Manacapuru-AM. The results revealed that in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Omáguas organized their territoriality into chiefdoms, going through a process of deterritorialization and subsequent reterritorialization into Religious Missions. Currently, the Omáguas are organized in villages, such as Aldeia Tururucari-Uka, seeking to reaffirm their ethnicity and culture in the territory. In the final considerations, it is highlighted that, nowadays, the Omáguas exercise their territoriality through ethnic and territorial reaffirmation in villages, such as Aldeia Tururucari-uka. In this context, they develop cultural, social and economic activities to consolidate their presence and identity in the territory. The study contributes to the understanding of the evolution of Omágua territoriality over the centuries, highlighting the transformations and challenges faced by the people in preserving their culture and territory. Keywords: Omágua Community, Territoriality, Chiefdoms, Deterritorialization, Reterritorialization.