Microrganismos produtores de amilase, celulase, fosfatase, lipase, protease e urease nos solos amazônicos do ramal do brasileirinho (Manaus) e de urucu (Coari).

Abstract

To better understand the biogeochemistry cycles of an environment, it is necessary to know the soil, where happen intense reactions contemplating the general dynamics of the environment. The soil is an highly environment complex dominated by its solid phase. In it is found several live organisms, besides elements that compose the inorganic matter and the flora that are intimately linked to it. In the up land areas of Amazonia, these soils are represented in its majority by Oxisols and Ultisols, considered in their majority, of low fertility and high acidity. In areas explored by the man, the degradation/recuperation process may indicate the modification degree of the soil. To evaluate the level of degradation/recuperation of gap areas in Urucu and of fruit cultivations in the Community of Brasileirinho, Manaus, a research was accomplished evaluating the enzymatic potential of the microbiota of those soils. In the soils of native forests of Urucu, as well as in impacted soils for the petroleum exploration of Urucu and in soils cultivated with species of economic importance of Brasileirinho occur microorganisms producing enzymes of biotechnological interest. There was found production of the enzymes amilase, protease, celulase, urease and lipase for microorganisms isolated in those soils. The microorganisms producing alkaline phosphatase was not detected by the methodology (dilution) adopted in the analyzed soils. There was the presence of microorganisms producing urease in all the analyzed soils. The soils located in the extension of Brasileirinho didn't present population of celulitic microorganisms at the dilution of 103 of the adopted methodology. The sample of natural forest denominated Urucu FN 05 presented the largest diversity of enzymes, confirming that it is not impacted, because there were microorganisms occurrence producing the enzymes amilase, protease, celulase, urease and lipase. The number and the type of vegetable species introduced for the recovery of the gap areas of Urucu didn't influence in the microorganisms population producing the enzymes of interest of the present study.