Perfil sócioeconômico, consumo e diversidade ictiofaunística da pesca artesanal de uma Comunidade no Paraná do Xibuí, Município de Parintins, Estado do Amazonas.

Abstract

Fishing is one of the most important activities in the Amazon for food, commerce, income and leisure for the population that resides on the banks of the rivers where fishing resources constitute the main source of sustenance. In this sense, the present study aims to describe the socio-economic profile, consumption and ichthyofaunal diversity of artisanal fishing in a community in the of Parintins, state of Amazonas. The study was carried out from December 2023 to January 2024 in a community in the of Paraná do Xibuí, approximately 18 Km from the city of Parintins, on the right bank of the Amazon River. There was a qualitative-quantitative approach based on the application of questionnaires to 18 riverside fishermen. After tabulation and preparation of graphs, tables and charts, the data shows that fishing in the community is artisanal, subsistence, multi-specific and with the majority of fishermen being men over the age of 29 and with good experience in their activities. The family income is low, equivalent to a monthly minimum wage, and their protein diet comes mainly from fish as a reflection of environmental availability. There was an ichthyofaunistic diversity with 5 orders, 18 families and 31 species cited as captured in fisheries. The order Characiformes is the most diverse and abundant, this result being related to the preference in the consumption of scale fish. The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the ethnospecies most appreciated and fished by riverside dwellers. Everyone states that they are aware of the closed season and report that it is important for the maintenance and preservation of species, especially those that are prohibited and are in their breeding season. However, they mention that the closure is financial assistance for them when they are unable to fish and that this assistance benefits their income. As in the entire Amazon region, these communities are dependent on fishing when it comes to resources for food and income. Based on the literature, artisanal fishermen can be useful in management projects that guarantee the sustainability of local and regional fishing. The data presented here can be used in future work on the ichthyofaunistic diversity of the municipality of Parintins.