Análise descritiva e Exploratória de coletas de sapotaceae do Estado do Amazonas disponíveis no herbário virtual reflora

Abstract

The Amazon region, being diverse, is potentially important for botanical studies. In this biome, the Sapotaceae family is categorized as one of the richest and most diverse in the state of Amazonas, but most studies are concentrated close to cities, rivers or roads, with repercussions in areas of little sampling. Of this So the objective of this study is to know the distribution pattern of the samples collected from Sapotaceae and its wealth for Amazonas and its municipalities, using data available at the Reflora Virtual Herbarium. For this purpose, the Herbarium database Virtual Reflora was accessed to obtain data on exsiccates belonging to the Sapotaceae and collected in the Amazon. Information about the states and municipalities, in addition to the spelling and synonyms of scientific names. Wealth was quantified and abundance of genera and species in Amazonas and these data were compared between Amazonian municipalities. Rarefaction curves were drawn up with the information of the specimens collected. Through the results provided by the rarefaction curve, a sample distribution map was elaborated. Based on the number of collections and its relation with the rarefaction curve of the best sampled municipality, the other municipalities were classified as well sampled, reasonably sampled and poorly sampled. After processing the data, 2,318 exsiccates remained, distributed in 11 genera and 148 species. The most abundant genera were: Pouteria, Micropholis and Chrysophyllum, adding 76% of the samples. The most abundant species were: Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum and Micropholis guyanensis. Although diversity is expressive in Amazonas, the number of specimens collected is very concentrated in Manaus (744 exsiccates), Rio Preto da Eva (609) and São Gabriel da Cachoeira (164) most abundant municipalities, and consequently the municipalities with the highest known wealth. These three municipalities were classified as good or reasonably sampled, while the remaining 95% of the municipalities were considered poorly collected. Such results show that the state has it leaves regions of little knowledge about the richness of Sapotaceae. Once that this family is recognized for being rich and abundant in the Amazon biome, its small sampling should indicate sampling deficiency in other plant groups less abundant, revealing a low knowledge of the general flora of the great most Amazonian municipalities.