Caracterização morfológica, molecular e análise do perfil metabólico de duas novas espécies de Arcopilus isoladas de Paullinia cupana (guaranazeiro)

Abstract

Arcopilus spp. is responsible for the production of an arsenal of bioactive molecules with anticancer, antiviral and antimicrobial activity. Members of this group as A. cupreus are widely used in the control of soil and plant pathogens. This genus was recently proposed from a taxonomic restructuring of Chaetomium and until now has only five species. During the characterization of the guarana microbioma nine fungal lines were isolated from red pigment that diffuse in solid medium. The objective of this work was to identify these strains by means of phylogenetic analyzes based on the ITS, 28S (LSU), rpb2 and tub2 regions, and perform morphological characterization (spore size, perithecia, asco with and without appendix, terminal hair width and lateral) and metabolic profile analysis. The results indicate with high statistical support the occurrence of two new closely related species titled in this work as A. amazonicus and A. tupanensis. The metabolic profile data show differences in the production of major compounds between the two species, A. tupanensis produces as the major molecule oosporeina, while A. amazonicus produces mostly an unidentified mass 291 [M-H] -. Other extrolites identified in these species include molicelin C, rotiorinol C, chaetoviridin D, chaetoviridin B and orselinic acid. Twelve molecules remain unidentified indicating putative new compounds.