Avaliação da atividade leishmanicida do filtrado do fungo Aspergillus fumigatus contra Leishmania (V.) guyanensis e Leishmania (L.) amazonensis

Abstract

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is a tropical, endemic, considered neglected, caused by species of parasites of the genus Leishmania. Currently Glucantime® (N-methylglucamine antimoniate) is considered by the Ministry of Health as the first choice medicine for the treatment of this disease. The use of biotechnology in the search for new compounds with leishmanicidal activity is important for the production of new drugs efficient and with less adverse effects to patients with ACL. With this, the The objective of this work was to evaluate in vitro the leishmanicidal activity of produced by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from the soil of the Amazon region against Leishmania guyanensis and Leishmania amazonensis. The fungal filtrate was diluted in RPMI medium and distributed in different concentrations (750 μg / mL to 125 μg / mL) in tubes containing 1.5x10 6 cells / mL. As negative control, the RPMI and as a positive control Glucantime® (30 μg / mL). The tests were performed in triplicates and incubated in an oven at 25ºC for 72 hours. Every 24 An aliquot of 10 μL of each sample that was diluted (1: 1000) was withdrawn and quantified in Neubauer's chamber. Statistical analysis showed that 750 μg / mL at 72 hours showed leishmanicidal activity against L. guyanensis, since there was a reduction in the number of living individuals compared to negative control (p = 0.019, ANOVA). The IC 50 value for L. guyanensis was 65.46x10-1μg / mL. However, for L. amazonensis, no activity leishmanicide, suggesting that A. fumigatus extract has leishmanicide according to the species of Leishmania. The evaluation of inhibition of nitric oxide showed that the extract has no anti-inflammatory activity, the macrophage cytotoxicity test is not required.