Filogeografia Scoloplax dolicholophia Schaefer, Weitzman & Britski, 1989 (Siluriformes, Loricarioidea, Scoloplacidae)

Abstract

This work presents different types of phylogenetic approaches, with the purpose of analyzing the phylogeography of the species Scoloplax dolicholophia, allowing to answer the hypotheses of distribution of this group, since this species is part of almost all the extension of the Black River, from São Gabriel da Cachoeira until the mouth near the municipality of Manaus. Eight samples were used, one from São Gabriel da Cachoeira, two from Rio Jufari (Rio Negro Middle), two samples from the Tarumã River and three samples from the municipality of Iranduba. The DNAs from these samples were extracted and sequenced (Cytochrome Oxidase I and 16s region) at the Thematic Laboratory of Molecular Biology at INPA. These samples were later analyzed by the General Time Reversible Model, Gamma Distributed through the MEGA software, for phylogenetic analysis and Bootstrap 5000 replications, in the same software. For the genetic distance, the P method was used, which resulted in a greater divergence of 0.0026 for the Jufari River group and for the group collected in Iranduba, and less divergence for the Group of São Gabriel da Cachoeira and Rio Jufari with the value of 0.0014. For the number of haplotypes we have 5 regions that were accused by the DNASP program, and configured as a network of haplotypes in the NETWORK software, revealing a link between the groups of Rio Negro, but point to an isolation of the Iranduba Municipality.